Measuring more than 2 kilometres thick in some places, these rocky stretches in India are evidence of massive volcanic activity that took place around the same time.
Crucial to calculating whether volcanoes or asteroids were responsible for the mass extinction is determining a precise time for the eruptions in relation to the impact.
By using uranium and lead within minerals from the solidified magma, scientists identified four enormous volcanic events that began tens of thousands of years before the asteroid struck.
Each lasting around 100,000 years, these explosions would have spewed incredible quantities of climate-altering greenhouse gases, likely leading to the first wave of mass extinctions.
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